Type II diabetes is characterized by dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells and insulin resistance, in the majority of the tissues - peripheral target: skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, adipose tissue.
In insulin resistance ( in people with type II diabetes) the dose of exogenous insulin increases significantly , which stimulate glucose uptake by tissues and inhibits endogenous glucose production.
Insulin resistance reflects the predominant defect in insulin action on skeletal muscles and liver.
The major causes of muscle insulin resistance in prediabetic stage are: genetic predisposition, obesity and physical hypoactivity.
Obesity and lack of exercise are major factors that contribute to the development of insulin resistance. It was established that exercise increases insulin sensitivity independent of body mass reduction and changes in body composition.
Thus, the children of parents with type II diabetes, physical training for 6 weeks increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis due to increased sensitivity to insulin.
Pharmacotherapy Principles of endocrine disorders
The basic principles of pharmacocorection is to restore hormonal homeostasis in the body through substitution treatment in endocrine hypofunction (thyroid hormone in hypothyroidism, estrogen or androgen administration in the hypogonadism, insulin in type I diabetes, etc.).In case of endocrine gland hyperfunction it is necessary to administer preparations that inhibit gland function (eg Thyrostatic or radioactive iodine treatment - in hyperthyreosis).
Radical treatment involves surgical removal of hormonproductive tumors.
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